با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن عصب روان‌شناسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، روانشناسی بالینی کودک و نوجوان، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار علوم اعصاب شناختی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار روان‌پزشکی کودک دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توان‌بخشی

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال نقص توجه/ بیش­فعالی با ناکارآمدی عملکردهای اجرایی ازجمله حافظه کاری همراه است. حافظه کاری می‌تواند با استفاده از تمرینات توان‌بخشی شناختی موردترمیم قرار گیرد. مطالعه حاضر باهدف نشان دادن تأثیر توان‌بخشی شناختی حافظه کاری بر بهبود نشانگان رفتاری کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص­توجه / بیش­فعالی صورت گرفته است. روش­: این پژوهش از نوع شبه­آزمایشی است که در آن از طرح پیش­آزمون پس­آزمون با گروه کنترل استفاده شده است. نمونه مورد بررسی در این مطالعه 30 کودک مبتلا به اختلال نقص­توجه / بیش­فعالی بوده است که به‌طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. دو گروه (آزمایش و کنترل) ازنظر سن و هوش کلامی و عملی همسان‌سازی شده بودند. گروه آزمایش طی ده جلسه 1 ساعته دو روز در هفته تحت توان‌بخشی شناختی قرار گرفتند. افراد هر دو گروه کنترل و آزمایش در جلسه اول و آخر درمان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. علائم رفتاری کودکان مبتلا توسط پرسشنامه پروفایل اختلال کمبود توجه/بیش­فعالی سوانسون و نولان پلهام SNAP-IV ارزیابی شده است. داده­های این پژوهش با آزمون آماری تی مستقل، تحلیل کوواریانس و به کمک نرم‌افزار SPSS.20 تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که نشانگان رفتاری کم‌توجهی و تکانشگری گروه درمان در مقایسه با گروه کنترل بعد از گذراندن جلسات توان‌بخشی بهبود پیدا کرده است و این تفاوت در سطح 001/0=P معنادار است. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاصل از تحلیل آماری داده­ها نشان می­دهد که درمان توان‌بخشی شناختی حافظه کاری موجب بهبود علائم رفتاری کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص‌توجه / بیش­فعالی شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Cognitive Rehabilitation of Working Memory in Reducing Behavioral Symptoms (Attention Deficit and Impulsivity) of Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • maryam najarzadegan 1
  • Vahid Nejati 2
  • Nasrin Amiri 3

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Disorders of executive functions and working memory are considered as the components of the Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Working memory could be remediated by cognitive rehabilitation exercise. The purpose of the current study is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation of working memory in reducing behavioral symptoms of children with ADHD. Method: The present semi-experimental study, was designed with pre-test and post-test of control and experimental group. Thirty children with ADHD were requited in the study and allocated into two control and intervention groups. The participants were matched in age, verbal and performance IQ. The intervention group received cognitive rehabilitation in 10 one-houre two days a week sessions. The participants of both groups were assessed in the first and the last treatment session with SNAP-IV tests in the first and the last session of intervention. Data were analyzed with T-test and covariance analysis using SPSS 20. Findings: The results showed that the intervention group has lower score in behavioral symptoms (attention deficit and impulsivity) and the difference between the group was significant (P=0.001) of ADHD after receiving cognitive rehabilitation of working memory. Conclusion: It can be concluded that cognitive rehabilitation of working memory leads to the improvement of behavioral symptoms of ADHD in children with ADHD. ​

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cognitive rehabilitation
  • Working memory
  • Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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