با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن عصب روان‌شناسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه رفتارحرکتی دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری رفتارحرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: کودکان دارای ‌کم‌توانی هوشی، به شدت در معرض خطر اختلالات هوشی هستند اما اختلالات رفتاری مخرب شایع‌تر بنظر می‌رسد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی تأثیر یک دوره تمرینات منتخب ادراکی ـ حرکتی بر مهارت‌های عصب ـ روانشناختی کودکان کم-توان ‌هوشی بود. روش: در این مطالعه از طرح تحقیق تجربی پیش‌آزمون ـ پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل استفاده شد. 30 کودک کم‌توان هوشی (12-7 سال) با ضریب هوشی 70-50 در دو گروه تمرین و کنترل هر گروه 15 نفر بصورت جداگانه قرار گرفتند. تمامی شرکت‌کنندگان بوسیله مقیاس عصب‌روانشناختی کانرز نسخه معلم ارزیابی شدند. برنامه تمرینی شامل فعالیت‌های ادراکی ـ حرکتی منتخب، 8 هفته، هفته‌ای سه بار به مدت 60 دقیقه بود. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد در پیش‌آزمون تفاوت معنی-داری بین دو گروه وجود ندارد، درحالی‌که بعد از مداخله، بهبودی معناداری در گروه تمرین در عملکرد توجه، حسی‌حرکتی، حافظه، کارکرداجرایی، توانایی شناختی، عملکرد دیداری فضایی و عملکرد تحصیلی خواندن و ریاضیات مشاهده شد. نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های حاکی از این است که برنامه تمرینی برای‌تونیک بر کارکردهای شناختی کودکان کم‌توان هوشی تأثیر مثبت دارد. بنابراین، این تأثیر مثبت از نقش و اهمیت فعالیت-های ادراکی‌حرکتی بر بهبود کارکرد حرکتی و شناختی مرتبط با بهزیستی در کودکان کم‌توان هوشی حمایت می-کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Perceptual-Motor Activity on the Neuropsychological Skills of Intellectual Disability Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jalal Dehghanizade 1
  • Masoud Rahmati Arani 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

2 PhD Student in Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Children with intellectual disabilities are at heightened risk for mental disorders, but disruptive behavior disorders appear to be the most prevalent. The present study aimed to determine the effect of a selective perceptual-motor exercise course on the neuropsychological skill of intellectual disability children. Method: The study used pre- and posttest experimental research design with a control group. Total of 30 children with intellectual disability (7–12 years) whit 50-70 of intelligence quotient were recruited with 15 assigned for the exercise group and 15 for the control group, separately. All the participants were assessed using the Conners Teachers Rating Scale (CTRS). The exercise program consisted of selected perceptual-motor activities for 60 min, thrice per week for 8 weeks. Results: The results showed that there is not a significant difference between the two groups in pre-test; while after the intervention significant improvements were found in the exercise group in attention, sensory-motor performance, memory, executive function, cognitive ability, visuospatial performance and andacademic performance of reading and mathematics. Conclusion: Results indicate that a Brailletonik exercise program can have a positive effect on the cognitive functions of persons with intellectual disability. However, this positive effect can support the role and importance of perceptual-motor activity to improve motor and cognition function of well-being among children with intellectual disability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Perceptual-Motor Activity
  • Psychological Functions
  • Intellectual Disability Children
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